The most common are png, svg, postscript or LaTeX output, but first we will start with the output just on the screen using the wxWidgets toolkit. Therefore open a text file in your preferred text editor, or directly download the code for this tutorial.įirstly we have to tell gnuplot the output terminal we want to use. xlabel() function allows to label the x axis.In this tutorial you will create your first gnuplot figure.Output: Plotting Filled Polygons using fill function in Matlab fill(x,y,colorspec)- fills 2-D polygons specified by X and Y with the color specified by colorspec explained in earlier section.fill(x1,y1,c1….xN,yN,cN)- specifies multiple 2-D filled areas. fill(x,y,)-Creates filled polygons from the data specified by x and y with color c.The vertices are listed along with the color to be filled. Output: Plotting Data using scatter function in Matlabįor plotting filled polygons we may use fill() function. Y=rand(50,1) # make sure that x and y equal length vectors scatter(….,markertype)-use the marker type instead of ‘0’.scatter(x,y,s)-draws markers with specified sizewith single color.scatter(x,y)-draws the markers in default size and color.So instead of using plot function we can directly use scatter function In this data may be some points in a plane. We can plot our data using scatter () function. Output: Pie Chart using pie function in Matlab pie(x,explode)-Offsets a slice from the pie.explode is a vector or matrix of zeroes and non zeroes corresponding to x.pie(x)- draws a pie chart with the data in x.Pie() function helps us to plot the pie chart of our data. Output: Histogram usinghist function in Matlab Piechart Hist(x,5) # returns the distribution of x in 5 length bin n=hist(y,nbins) – Here nbins is scalar and uses it as number of binsĮg : x=rand(1000,1) # rand function generates nxn matrix rand(m,n) generates mxn square matrix.n=hist(y,x)- Where x is a vector, returns the distribution of y along length (x) bins with centers specified by x.n=hist(y) – Bins the elements in vector y into 10 equally spaced containers and returns the number of elements in each container as a row vector.Hist() function helps us to plot the histogram. MATLAB also helps us to plot Histogram and Pie chart. Output: Plotting Function in Red Dashed Line with equal Axis – Matlab Histogram and Pie Chart line() function allows us to join the line after data points are plotted.axis equal function allows us to make the axes equal.Output: Plotting Function in Red Dashed Line – Matlab There are 3 ways with which you can specify color Color Specifications of plot funtion in Matlab Available colors are red, blue, magenta, black, white, green, yellow, cyanĬolorspec is a method of specifying colors.Syntax: plot ( x, y,’color or line style or data points’)Įg : plot (x, y,’r*–‘) # A red dotted plot is obtained. We can have a third argument in the plot function. For quick and simple editing we don’t have to deal with plottools. This might be handy for the people who are always get bored dealing with the menu box in plottools. To change the characteristics of the plot we can use plottools function. A box will pop up showing your output, we can change change the characteristics there like color, plot type.Output : Output of plot function in Matlab – Plotting 2 Functions at a Time linspace(a,b,n) – generates n linearly spaced vectors including a,b.linspace(a, b) – generates 100 linearly spaced vectors.linspace is an inbuilt function which generates equally spaced vectors.Ouput : Output of plot function in Matlab plot(x1,y1,linespace….xN,yN,linespace)-plots y versus x along with line specificationĮg : x= linspace(0,10*pi,5) # linspace is not line specification it is used to generate linearly spaced vectors.plot(x1,y1,…….xN,yN) – plots y versus x.For complex y it is equivalent to plot (real (y),img(y)) plot(y)-plots the columns of y versus the index of each value when y is a real number.In this case we need to specify the functions for x and y separately .Here we use a function plot () in MATLAB library Output: Output of fplot function in Matlab Using plot()
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When it cycles through the end of the selected wave form it restarts where it was last left? What the heck?! This might be useful for some folks, but it’s a buggy disaster for me trying to make a tone with any kind of speed. There is a yellow bar to indicate where you are inside of the selected waveform of music that fits into the time restraint of whatever type of file your making (40 sec for ringtone, 8 sec or text tone, etc.) when you play the passage it starts right where it is was last playing this is awesome. – Any unused portion of the free trial will be forfeited when the user purchases a subscription – Subscriptions may be managed by the user and auto-renewal may be turned off by going to the user's Account Settings after purchase – Account will be charged for renewal within 24-hours prior to the end of the current period. – Subscription automatically renews unless auto-renew is turned off at least 24-hours before the end of the current period – Payment will be charged to iTunes Account at confirmation of purchase – Subscriptions are billed weekly, monthly, quarterly or annually at the rate selected depending on the subscription plan – You can subscribe for unlimited access to all features within the app Note that Live Wallpapers can only work on iPhone 6S and later models. – Use the microphone to record ringtones for iPhone, text tones, and alert tonesĭownload RingTune now and get cool ringtones for iPhone and fascinating live wallpapers! Replace your old default ringtones with our brand new ones and boring images on the screen with live wallpapers! – Edit all saved ringtones, text tones, and alert tones in your “My Tones” library – Create unlimited ringtones using songs from your library – Browse categories with thousands of new and popular ringtones for iPhone – Live Wallpaper Maker – turn your videos into awesome live wallpapers – Cool battery animation for you to enjoy while your device is charging – Live Wallpapers, ASMR, Themes, and Wallpapers categories – Extensive gallery full of stunning live wallpapers for every taste – Full iPhone 13, iPhone 13 mini, iPhone 13 Pro, iPhone 13 Pro Max, and iPhone SE support – An easy-to-use live wallpaper and ringtone maker – Our all-new ringtones catalog with the freshest ringtones Now you have the ability to fully customize your phone by choosing your own ringtone and adding a live wallpaper on your lock screen. Let your device become a source of self-expression, inspiration, and joy. – Browse through a huge wallpaper catalogīeautify your screen with inimitable live wallpapers and impress friends with amazing ringtones! Custom ringtones and designer live wallpapers are all in one app! You will be able to outline some of the multiple methods for loading data into the destination system, verifying data quality, monitoring load failures, and the use of recovery mechanisms in case of failure.įinally, you will complete a shareable final project that enables you to demonstrate the skills you acquired in each module. As a set of processes, which precede the creation of Big Data. Fundamental Concepts Working with TaskFlow Building a Running Pipeline How-to Guides UI / Screenshots Core Concepts Authoring and Scheduling Administration and Deployment Integration Public Interface of Airflow Best Practices FAQ Release Policies Release Notes Privacy Notice Project License. How to Install Apache Airflow with Docker Feng Li in AWS Tip ETL Using AWS Glue Kaan Boke Ph. How to Install Apache Airflow Airflow Config Airflow DAG Airflow Run Airflow Alternative Conclusion References What is ETL We can understand ETL (Extract, Transform, Load), as a pipeline process, from Data Engineering. It could be anything from the movement of a file to complex transformations. Airflow Hooks S3 PostgreSQL: Airflow Tutorial P13Airflow. Operators denote basic logical blocks in the Airflow ETL workflows. Airflow works on the basis of a concept called operators. You can easily visualize your data pipelines’ dependencies, progress, logs, code, trigger tasks, and success status. It is one of the most robust platforms used by Data Engineers for orchestrating workflows or pipelines. You will also define transformations to apply to source data to make the data credible, contextual, and accessible to data users. Method 1: Using Airflow for performing ETL jobs Making use of custom code to perform an ETL Job is one such way. Apache Airflow is an open-source tool to programmatically author, schedule, and monitor workflows. You will identify methods and tools used for extracting the data, merging extracted data either logically or physically, and for importing data into data repositories. and links to the airflow-plugins topic page so that developers can more easily learn about it. Learn new concepts from industry experts Gain a foundational understanding. During this course, you will experience how ELT and ETL processing differ and identify use cases for both. Get started developing workflows with Apache Airflow. When you enroll in this course, youll also be asked to select a specific program. ELT processes apply to data lakes, where the data is transformed on demand by the requesting/calling application.īoth ETL and ELT extract data from source systems, move the data through the data pipeline, and store the data in destination systems. ETL processes apply to data warehouses and data marts. The other contrasting approach is the Extract, Load, and Transform (ELT) process. One approach is the Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) process. After taking this course, you will be able to describe two different approaches to converting raw data into analytics-ready data. The program also offers a real-time preview functionality to get a preview of the output video before saving. You are also allowed to set the font type, colour, size, direction, location and more.The program is also capable of making ordinary videos in 3D videos which can be saved for editing and later use. It also empowers you to delete the unwanted component from the video and add others that you want in your video. It also enables you to cut the video into multiple parts, fade-in, fade-out to join segments, and add filters and subtitles. It includes a built-in media player which supports 180 file formats and allows you to take snapshots, crop and rotate the image, make video adjustments, add watermarks and 3D effects, as well as set the volume level. Movavi Video Suite 2022 is a full-featured utility which provides everything you need to work with your videos. You can also download Movavi Video Converter 2022 Free Download. It supports a wide range of popular video file formats such as VI, MOV, MP4, MP3, WMA and more.Movavi Video Suite 2022 offers an intuitive interface, which places commonly-used tools and features at your fingertips making you a video editing Master in no time. Movavi Video Suite 2022 is an outstanding video editing application which allows you to create eye-catching movies and slideshows on your computer.It is a powerful and comprehensive suite which comes equipped with a wide range of creative video editing tools to help you create stunning intros, YouTube videos, business promos, party videos and even small non-business movies.This wonderful tool not only helps you create video but also record screens and convert the videos in desired formats and makes them playable anywhere without any quality loss. It is full offline installer standalone setup of Movavi Video Suite 2022. Movavi Video Suite 2022 Free Download Latest Version for Windows. This is a huge win, as many VPNs say that they don’t track or log your data, but they do and say they’ll delete it afterward. There is zero logging of your personal data.With that said, here are the pros and cons of using Ivacy VPN Pros The tests I performed revealed that it was able to unlock all major streaming platforms, split my local traffic as I saw fit, and secure my large downloads without any hiccups. It offers all the essentials you are looking for in a VPN and more. If you’re looking for an affordable yet feature-packed VPN, then Ivacy is definitely worth checking out. Recap: What Are The Pros & Cons of Using Ivacy VPN? Note: while I did not run any leak tests specifically, other reviews online reported that both the DNS/IP Leak Check and WebRTC Leak Check show that Ivacy did pull through and protect them from these kinds of leaks. These are accessible through the settings option, under connection. Ivacy VPN offers multiple security connection protocols, including Automatic, TCP, UDP, L2TP, IKEV, and WireGuard. When you favorite a location, it goes to the top of the list, so you don’t have to scroll all the way through. This is what I did when I selected “United States” from the list of options (shown below). While the drop-down menu for choosing a country or city is relatively small, you can easily “favorite” locations for easier selection later on. This is the primary way I connected when testing the app. Ivacy VPN has the “Smart Connect” feature, which allows you to quickly connect to Ivacy’s recommended server based on your location and needs. However, Ivacy VPN’s multiple servers across several countries could be advantageous for those who need faster speeds for certain applications or sites. But when engaged in online games, the ping did increase from about 16ms in League of Legends to about 85ms, which is still quite playable. Ivacy’s speed performance was decent – I did not experience any major slowdowns or lagging while streaming or browsing. My internet connection was indeed cut off, ensuring the safety and confidentiality of my IP address and P2P activities even when Ivacy’s protection dropped. I tested this feature by disconnecting from Ivacy VPN while downloading a large file. This is to ensure that your IP address and online activities are not exposed. Ivacy also has the “Internet Kill Switch” feature, which cuts off your internet connection if Ivacy’s VPN protection drops. *If you’re interested in learning how to set up Ivacy VPN on any of these devices, you can find guides directly on Ivacy VPN’s website under the download section. This section should give you an idea of what to expect if you choose to sign up and use Ivacy VPN. Ivacy VPN’s Supported Platforms and Pricingīefore we jump into my first-hand experience in downloading, installing, and test-driving Ivacy VPN on my local machine, let’s do a quick rundown of what platforms Ivacy supports and what the pricing looks like.įor reference, I will be using a Pro Account Membership (one month) for this review. They also offer P2P (person-to-person) torrenting-specific servers for individuals who want to guarantee speed and protection while torrenting. Ivacy’s website boasts 5700+ servers in over 70 countries, across 300,000 shared IPs around the globe. However, this should not matter, as Ivacy has a strict no-data logging policy as specified in their fine print. It is important to note here though, that while Singapore is considered “out of reach” of most mandatory data retention laws, they are known to cooperate with the Five Eyes Alliance (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United States, and the United Kingdom) in conducting surveillance. To assure their customers of transparency and value, Ivacy joined the US National Cyber Security Alliance as a member. It aims to empower internet users who want to interact with the digital world safely and securely. We will cover everything you need to know about it! A Brief Overview of the Company’s History, Jurisdiction & Coverageįounded in 2007, the Singapore-based Ivacy VPN has been around for 15 years in online privacy. Hold on tight as we take you for a ride in test-driving Ivacy VPN from start to finish with a Pro Account. This review aims to scrutinize one of these lesser-known VPNs that got what it takes to compete with the big players. These handy programs help encrypt your internet traffic, mask your online whereabouts, and enable you to access geo-restricted content.īut since heavy hitters usually dominate the market, lesser-known VPNs that can also offer outstanding features and great value are often overlooked. Anyone looking to step up their online privacy and security levels would gravitate towards Virtual Private Network (VPN) software. 3 years for commercial, industrial, marine and automotive applications.4 years for an engine starting application for PC1220, PC1350, PC2250 and all BCI sizes.3 years for commercial, industrial, marine and automotive applications in non-BCI sizes.2 years for Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) and other non-engine start cycling applications.Material and workmanship for the following Applicable Warranty Periods: (“Manufacturer”) warrants its ODYSSEY® batteries (hereafter referred to as “Battery”) to be free of defects in ODYSSEY® Battery General Product Limited WarrantyĮnerSys Energy Products Inc. Pulse (5 second) Hot Cranking Amps (PHCA) The result is 15% more plate surface area - and that translates to more power! Dimensions Length But the densely packed flat plates in an ODYSSEY Extreme Series battery avoid the “dead space” between cylinders in a “six pack” design. Like many popular spiral-wound batteries, ODYSSEY Extreme Series batteries employ dry cell Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) technology to contain acid, allowing the battery to be installed even on its side. And that means more power – twice as much as conventional batteries. More ODYSSEY battery plates mean more plate surface area. ODYSSEY Extreme Series batteries are made with flat plates made of 99.99% pure lead – not lead alloy. Pure lead plates can be made thinner, so we can fit more of them in the battery. And they can handle 400 charge-discharge cycles to 80% depth of discharge. Even at very low temperatures, ODYSSEY Extreme Series batteries have the power to provide engine-cranking pulses in excess of 2250 amps for 5 seconds – double to triple that of equally sized conventional batteries. Unbeatable ODYSSEY® Extreme Series™ batteries do both. Some batteries offer enormous cranking power. Twice the overall power and three times the service life of conventional batteries ODYSSEY batteries are manufactured to strict quality standards in two facilities globally: Warrensburg, Missouri USA and Newport, Wales United Kingdom. With manufacturing facilities in 17 countries, sales and service locations throughtout the world, and over 100 years of battery experience, EnerSys is a powerful partner for automotive, marine, heavy duty equipment and powersports service and parts providers. EnerSys® is a global leader in stored energy solutions for automotive, military and industrial applications. ODYSSEY ® batteries are manufactured by EnerSys Energy Products Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of EnerSys. Odyssey batteries can be discharged very deeply and still deliver enormous starting performance.Odyssey® PC535 (ES12V535) 12V AGM Battery.Very good battery life- Long service life.Great starting and quick charging performance.And the pure lead plates mean more power-twice the overall power and three times the life of conventional batteries-up to 400 cycles at 80% depth of discharge! Features of the Odyssey PC535 Motorcycle Battery Featuring rugged construction and packed tightly with pure lead plates, the non-spillable AGM design Odyssey battery protects against the shock and vibration that can quickly destroy other batteries. Odyssey Hawker PC535 12V 14Ah Battery pure lead AGM Starter battery also known as ODS-AGM16B. Powersport vehicles need a powerful battery that’s built to take the constant pounding that comes with the territory, whether it’s on land, sea, or snow. Odyssey PC535 12V 14Ah 200A AGM Motorcycle Battery And the rear-facing camera lets you see all passengers, even in total darkness. The front camera-recording in 1080p resolution-provides good overall image quality, although it's not as sharp as that of our single-cam picks. If you want to record the interior of your car as you drive, we recommend the Vantrue N2 Pro, which has a camera that records the view in front of the car and another one that faces the interior, a handy setup for ride-for-hire drivers who want to document their passengers. As with most dual-cam models, the rear camera's image quality isn't as good as that of the front camera-it's less sharp, with duller colors and more contrast. Its front camera is surprisingly sharp for a 1080p model, and the video image has good color and contrast, as well as a decent dynamic range at night. For about half the price, or less, you can get the Papago GoSafe S810. The best overall package would be to add Nextbase's optional rear camera to either the 522GW or the 422GW, but those combos can get pricey. If you want to record incidents behind your vehicle as well as in front of it, we recommend that you use a dual-cam model, which includes a second camera that's mounted to the rear window. It also usually costs less, and it lacks only the polarizing filter (although you can add an an optional one). It gives you the same excellent video image and most of the same features, but it's more compact, with a smaller touchscreen display (2.5 versus 3 inches). If you can't get the 522GW, or just want a slightly smaller model, we recommend the Nextbase 422GW. Yes, it's more expensive than many competing models, but it provides the best dash-cam experience of any model we've tested. The 522GW can also pair with three different rear cams, giving you more versatility. The camera can integrate with Amazon's Alexa digital assistant, and a new Emergency SOS feature automatically summons emergency aid after a crash. The Nextbase phone app outshines competitors', and in addition to GPS, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi, the 522GW gives you a polarizing filter to minimize annoying reflections. With its powered magnetic mount, the unit is easy to snap on and off, without having to mess with a cord. Using the 522GW's bright, responsive touchscreen to navigate menus and adjust settings is much easier than fiddling with the buttons of other models. The Nextbase 522GW Dash Cam produces a super-sharp 1440p (or Quad HD) video image that in our tests allowed us to clearly see details that were indecipherable with most other dash cams. It delivers the sharpest video we've seen, is the easiest to use, and has handy features that you don't get with most other dash cams. After researching more than 250 models and testing about 40, we've found that the best overall dash cam is the Nextbase 522GW. That's why a dash cam can be a critical aid if the unexpected happens. And as frightening as that may be, it can be just as distressing to be blamed for a crash that's not your fault. Wham! A car crash can happen in an instant. When readers choose to buy Wirecutter's independently chosen editorial picks, Wirecutter and Engadget may earn affiliate commission. This post was done in partnership with Wirecutter. The CCAT is designed to assess cognitive abilities that are developed through time, and is not aimed at measuring the progress of students in their school studies (unlike other tests such as the Iowa Assessments/ITBS). This test is given to students in Canada instead of the CogAT, which is nearly identical and is given to students in the US. The CCAT is aimed at measuring reasoning abilities among students from kindergarten until grade 12. Keep reading to learn more about the Canadian Cognitive Abilities Test (CCAT-7) for grade 6. This prep pack contains all information your child needs to succeed in the CCAT grade 6! Score reports: Shows how well your child did on each section of and provides an overall look into your child's progression. Detailed study guide: Helps your child understand what the test is really looking for when it comes to each question type, and provides useful strategies for the CCAT. Thorough explanations: Provides your child with knowledge on what the test writers are looking for in the answers, and what is the right strategy to approach the different question types. Extra practice quizzes: Helps your child identify areas where they need more practice, and focus their studies on those topics. Full-length practice tests: Simulates the test, so your child can get the closest experience to the actual CCAT and be more confident for testing day. If your child is struggling with preparing for their upcoming CCAT grade 6, then we have the perfect solution for them. I usually try to install it close to some curtains so that I can run the cord down behind the curtains where you can’t see it. Hang the light fixture from the ceiling with a hook. Step 4: Hang the Light Fixture Plugged In Light Fixture Plug the light back in and test that the switch is working. Put the switch casing back together and tighten the screws on the outside.ħ. Then make sure the wires on both ends line up with the open slots at each end of the switch casing. Feed the non-cut wire through the other side of the switch. Repeat the process for the other wire and the other screw. Attach one of the cut wires to one of the screws inside the switch and tighten the screw.Ĥ. Attach wire to one of the switch screwsģ. Smoko Boba Ambient Light Shana Table Lamp Bradley Clip Task Lamp Arturo Glass Table Lamp Braided Pendant Light Smoko Mushroom Ambient Light Tristan. Open the switch cover by undoing the screws. Strip both ends of the cut wire, twist it and make a hook in the wire similar to step 2 above. The hot wire will either be black or smooth (not ribbed…you should not feel bumps when you run your finger across it). Cut the hot wire in the location where you want the switch to be. NOTE: Make sure the light is unplugged before doing this step! Prepare the wires for the switchġ. This type of switch works better than than the little ones with the rotating wheel because the wiring is securely attached to the switch…in my experience the little rotating wheel switches are difficult to install and do not always work consistently. I like to install a switch so that I don’t have to plug and unplug the light every time I want to turn it on and off. Step 3: (Optional) Add A Switch Lamp Cord Switch Plug the light in and make sure that it works. Close the plug casing and tighten the screw closed.Ħ. Make sure the wires are lined up in the slot at the bottom of the plug. Repeat this process with the wire and screw on the other side of the plug. Wrap the hooked wire around one of the screws on the inside of the plug, and tighten the screw.ģ. Undo the screw on the plug casing and open plug casing. /rebates/2f&252f26tc3dbing-&idlampsplus&nameLamps+Plus&ra1. This is a more secure design than some of the plugs that are available…if someone happens to pull the cord, the plug should stay attached.ġ. I like this plug design because the wires are screwed onto the casing. Step 2: Attach the Plug Undo the screw on the plug If the wire is made up of multiple wires, twist them together to make it easier. If there is no exposed copper, use the wire stripper to remove about a 1/2″ of the wire outer covering to reveal the copper. These stand-ins for the inequality symbol are frequently used in programming languages because they are restricted to ASCII characters and the main characters found on a keyboard, and for this reason, they typically use “~=”, “/=”, “!=”, or “” as a statement of inequality. An exclamation point combined with the equals sign, or a slash combined with an equals sign, are frequently used to stand in for the not equals sign (“!=” and “/=”). However, due to the difficulty in using such commands, a number of alternatives are frequently employed to denote inequality. The not equals sign (≠) can be written using certain Unicode commands such as U+2260 2260,Alt+X in Microsoft Windows. To represent this properly, one should represent the different computations with commas in between them:Ģ + 3 = 5, 5 + 6 = 11, 11 + 5 = 15 Not Equals And Other Equals Sign Variants The intention here is to represent adding the first two numbers together followed by adding another number. People will occasionally write out operations like this: Note that the sign may occasionally be used to connect steps of mathematical operations together in a non-standard way. The field of linguistics sometimes uses the equals sign to denote clitic boundaries, with the sign coming in between the word the clitic is attached to and the clitic itself. Other usages of the equals sign include the usage of the sign in chemistry, where it signals the presence of a double bond between atoms. “Mathematics possesses not only truth, but a supreme beauty - a beauty cold and austere, like that of sculpture.” - Bertrand Russell Meanwhile, Javascript uses the triple equals sign to indicate “equality without type coercion”. Likewise, PHP uses three equals sign to make statements about value equality, showing that the expressions have equal values and share the same data type. For instance, Python uses a double equals sign (“=”) as a comparison operator since the single equals sign is used as an assignment operator. Programming languages that don’t use the equals symbol as a statement of equality have other methods of handling this equality comparison. Languages like Perl, Python, and C continue to use the equals sign as an assignment operator, while languages like Eiffel, Asa, and APL use the equals sign to indicate equivalency. Examples of both types of use for the equals sign can be found in modern programming languages. Other computer languages may use the equals sign with the traditional “equivalency” meaning. Photo: John Sauter via Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain In computer programming languages in general, the equals sign doesn’t exactly mean two things are equivalent, instead, it functions as an assignment operator, setting the value of some statement to a following statement. FORTRAN is believed to be the first computer language to make use of the equals sign, with the sign being included in revisions to FORTRAN in 1957. However, the equals sign is often used in other fields, such as in computer programming. In math, using the equals sign asserts that two statements or variables are equivalent to one another. Beyond that, Rercorde helped introduce the world at large to concepts of data manipulation and quantification, with theories and instructions on applying mathematics to various domains such as navigation, commerce, land surveying, and astronomy. Recorde’s equals sign and other contributions to mathematical theory and operators gave computer scientists a ubiquitous and universally recognized symbol to assign values and assert a quality. It is arguable that Recorde laid the foundation for the discipline of computer science, as computer science is at its core about processing, creating, and collecting data. So the more equations you know, the more you can converse with the cosmos.” - Neil DeGrasse Tyson A vertical equals sign, rather than a horizontal equals sign, may have been used throughout the 1600s, with the now universally used horizontal equal sign becoming standardized over the course of the 1700s. This gave Recorde’s equals sign some extra influence, as when combined with + and – the equals sign could easily be used to assert mathematical equations that took much longer to write out. However, Recorde had introduced English speakers to the now-famous German symbols for subtraction and addition: “+” and “-”. One reason that Recorde’s symbol may have been slow to catch on was that in the 16th century Latin still heavily influenced communication, and the term “aequalis” was frequently just shortened to “Ae” or “oe” if an abbreviation was required. While Recorde’s new equals sign succinctly implied equality between two values, it wasn’t widely adopted until much later. Photo: By Robert Recorde –, Public Domain, A representation of the first known equation, equivalent to 14x + 15 = 71. |
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